Bowfins are ancient fish. Their skeleton is composed of bone and cartilage, yet they also have certain features that are more characteristic of modern bony fishes like concaved vertebrae, thin bony plates on the head, and a rounded tail. The body color is almost like that of an Anaconda snake, with blotches of various shades of brown. The fins are olive green and the belly is a creamy color.

Tank Setup

In captivity the Bowfin requires a large tank with a good filtration system to keep the water clean, just like their natural environment. When oxygen levels become low, the fish uses its swim bladder as an accessory breathing organ. However, if the Bowfin is kept in normal aquarium temperatures, the oxygen level can become too thin for it to handle, so some sort of extra aeration must be provided from a spray bar, powerhead, or similar device. If the temperature becomes too low, the fish will become less active and its growth will be stunted. Bowfins can be kept in outdoor pools so long as the water doesn't freeze solid to the ground in the winter.

Feeding

Bowfins can become quite tame and, with patience, can be encouraged to take food from the your hand. They readily accept a large variety of meaty foods, although they may need to become accustomed to prepared foods, as they prefer live foods.

Water Chemistry

As previously stated, the Bowfin must be kept in well-aerated, clean water. The pH should be neutral or slightly on the acidic side; between 6.6-7.2.

Breeding

Spawning takes place in shallow waters during early spring. The male does most of the work, clearing the area, and guarding and protecting the eggs and fry. Spawning is unlikely in the home aquarium, but perhaps in an outdoor pond. Males have a dark spot on the top of their caudal fins.