Bowfins are ancient fish. Their skeleton is composed of bone and cartilage, yet they also have certain features that are more characteristic of modern bony fishes like concaved vertebrae, thin bony plates on the head, and a rounded tail. The body color is almost like that of an Anaconda snake, with blotches of various shades of brown. The fins are olive green and the belly is light in color.

Tank Setup

In the aquarium, the bowfin requires plenty of space with a good filtration system to keep the water clean, just like their natural environment. When oxygen levels are low, it uses its swim bladder as an accessory breathing organ. However, if the Bowfin is kept in normal aquarium temperatures, the oxygen level can become too thin for it to handle, so some sort of extra aeration must be provided from a spray bar, powerhead, or similar device. However if the temperature becomes too low, the fish will become less active and its growth will be stunted. Bowfins can be kept in outdoor pools as long as the water doesn't freeze solid to the ground in the winter.

Feeding

Bowfins can become quite tame, and with patience, can be encouraged to take food from the owner's hand. The readily accept a large variety of meaty foods, although they may need to become accustomed to prepared foods, as they prefer live foods.

Water Chemistry

Provide the fish with a large aquarium; at least 100 gallons for a growing adult. Bowfins have the ability to live in very cold waters, so room temperature water will suffice. A neutral pH as well as clean, well-filtered water is appreciated.

Breeding

Spawning takes place in shallow waters during early spring. The male does most of the work, clearing the area, and guarding and protecting the eggs and fry. Spawning is unlikely in the home aquarium, but perhaps in an outdoor pond. Males have a dark spot on the top of their caudal fins.