Optimum Parameters

Here's an appropriate article discussing this:
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2004-05/rhf/index.php

As for how often to test, in the beginning I found it more useful to test 1 - 2 times a week until I got a handle on things. Now, I only test 1 - 2 times a month to make sure my dosing schedule is still keeping parameters where I want them.

Dosing frequency is really as needed... It varies from tank to tank depending on what's being kept in it. I dose alkalinity buffer via our auto top-off, but manually add calcium 2 - 3 times a week.
 
I dose alk & Ca daily, to keep params steady.
 
Same here. I pretty mcuh test everything 1x/month, just to be sure nothing has changed. As my corals grow, they will use up more.

I don't use a bottle--I make my own.
 
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