Power Filter Died

Are you sure it doesnt just need to be cleaned or whatnot? And if it really is dead, I would suggest having as much airstones in the tank as possible...do you have any of these? Also, make sure not to feed too much and they should be fine.

I can't see it as being a big problem as long as you don't have a big fish load. Do you have anything in the tank to circulate and oxygenate the water. I would think that a water change part way through the day should keep everyone intact until you can purchase a new filter. If you only have the one filter on the tank then you may have to worry about the tank having a mini-cycle.

I would clean to filter to make certain that it is actually dead.