No 1" per gallon isn't a good rule.
Its an OK rule for 2" fish, after that all bets are off. The 1" per gallon rule is an attempt to gauge waste by size. Fish get bigger in all directions, not just length: an 8" oscar is a whole lot bigger than 4 2" tetras. My 4" gourami is a bit more fish than all 6 of my 2" rasbora. So you can start at an inch per gallon but be realistic about making some necessary modifications.
Some fish are notoriously dirty (plecos, carnivores). Some fish are extremely active (danios). These all need to count extra in terms of waste produced.
Fish need space to move in. Some need running room. They all need room to turn around in. Even though a 55 is fairly long, its narrow: nothing that'll grow to more than 6"s belongs in there. Figure a fish needs at least twice its length to turnaround comfortably: this will get you towards the idea that clown loaches need at least a 75g, for instance: a 55 is just too narrow. Balas should have at least six feet in length to run in; giant danios should have running room as well.
Many fish are social and should be kept in groups. Some aren't and shouldn't.
Hopped up filtration does not increase stocking capacity.
Fish in a moderately or lightly stocked tank will be less stressed, more colorful, display more natural behavior, than fish in a crowded tank.
Cold water fish are a completely different animal and need a lot more water per unit of fish, marine fish even more.
Work out an idea of what you think you'd like to see and post back up here, folks can make some specific suggestions.