rising filters quickly under tap water is not a problem.
the reason is that although chlorine is used as a disinfectant in water and wastewater treatment, the contact time needed to be effective is very long compared to a quick rinse under the tap.
Just for comparison, the water that leaves the drinking water plant before it reaches your home is exposed to chlorine in the contact chamber for a minimum of 20 minutes (at least that is the standard minimum contact time here in ontario). That is before it leaves the plant. Now, there is a little more to it that that, as water plants add enough chlorine so that their will be 'residual' chlorine out in the distribution system (that is the chlorine that we get at our end out of the tap), but that is basically how it works.
20 minutes.
that is a long time when you consider that we often rinse our filters for what, 45 seconds?
that is why it is okay to give filters a quick rinse in water, even right from the tap.
It is one of those 'myths' in fishkeeping that has some truth to it (chlorine is a bacterocide) but you never hear the rest of it, which is the important part:
it takes time to work. Its not instantaneous.
And its usually longer than we expose our filters to it.