Is it difficult to breed SAE's? Are there any distinguishing differences between males and females? If you can breed them, what sort of environment do they like for breeding ie caves,heavy plant growth etc.
Are there any distinguishing differences between males and females?
Gender:
There are no external sexual differences until true maturity is reached at approximately three or more years of age. Females are more massive than males with an average mass larger by 30% or so, although overall length is the same. Females are often deeper bodied, and more prone to weight gain. Depending on standard of care , this may not be conclusive . It is possible to "candle " specimens for the presence of eggs by holding a bright light behind the fish, and allowing the eggs periodically held within the females to be seen. A very difficult species to sex accurately.
Breeding:
Not yet recorded in the aquarium with any regularity. In nature females spawn near plants, and males fertilise as would be the expected norm for this type of fish. In captivity females may become gravid but have the ability to reabsorb eggs. The exact prerequisites for stimulating breeding are unknown , although the author has witnessed a laying of eggs. The males made no attempt to fertilise the eggs,and the female ingested the eggs immediately after laying. Almost all specimens of this fish are wild collected, and as such captive breeding is encouraged to relieve pressure on wild populations.
Sexual Dimorphism
Sexually mature females are normally thicker-bodied than males but it’s impossible to accurately sex young fish by external characters.
Reproduction
Not thought to have occured in the hobby although the young fish widely available in the trade are assumed to be farmed via the use of hormones. Members of this genus are known to undergo seasonal reproductive migrations in nature, moving upstream during the dryer months and in the opposite direction when water levels rise.