Gravel would be OK, but not great. For one thing, the surface area available for colonization isn't great, given the volume of the media. Even more problematic, though, is the possibility of the gravel compacting in the canister. This would give you dense pockets with little flow-thru, and the water would essentially bypass these areas. This latter problem is one reason that things like Ehfimech (ceramic noodles) and bioballs are popular.
HTH,
Jim