Thats the thing though - tests, I think, are fine, if they test process, that is, the act of arriving at the answer. Content (which most curriculums are currently based on - which is changing) is just factual regurgitation. Of course some level of content is required and should be tested for, but the processes behind the knowledge need to be stressed. There is a difference in saying "recite the quadratic equation" and "use the quadratic equation on this question and/or explain situations in which this might be useful."
If a person must be intimately knowledgeable of, say Shakespeare's Sonnet 18, and are taught all about it - but only taught things like "see, this is a simile" or "this is an example of anaphora" they can only apply that to this one text. If you teach the process behind finding this info, such as how to disentangle a text and the terms and approaches you can apply, they could analyze all of SX's sonnets.
To apply this to fishies (

) it is, in my opinion, a lot more beneficial and useful to explain the processes of cycling rather than saying "You have to wait until the cycle is over to add fish."
Many of these tests require (here at least) the student to have memorized equations or formulas as well as theories. Those things are all easily researched and looked up. It should be more important that they know how to use them rather than recite them. IT shouldn't be all about ritual knowledge or "useless knowledge."
Teaching for a test usually simply requires memorization (which is soon forgotten.) Think how many history tests you took in high school that asked for dates - how many of you honestly remember all that you "learned?"
We've been discussing the concept of being vs. becoming and teaching for a test in my Ed. class for four weeks now, and the concensus seems to be teachign for a test is bad - teaching for life is good. The two aren't always opposing, however. I have some great articles to list when I get home.
These are just some thoughts from a student teacher in a field work class

I typed this really quickly and probably didn't make any sense, but oh well.