Proper use of muriatic acid to clean calcium deposit

nsamuel

AC Members
Apr 3, 2008
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I have done plenty of reading on this topic because i have some used filters and tank that had lot of deposits and organic waste buildup in the filters. i have spent many hours cleaning up the 45 gal glass tank and filters with simple water. I soaked them all in freshwater for a few days. Then i would scrub at the deposits and calcium flakes would peel off. I found that the deposits scrub off easier when soaked in tap water for couple of days. I got out 80% of the deposits this way.

All the equipment is still in my backyard, and for the next step, i want to clean up all the buildup inside filter tubes and hard to reach areas. My idea to do it is to soak the entire equipment set in water + acid solution and let it sit for a day. I decided to use the 45 gal tank as the container (and it has some calcilum buildup still stuck to some parts of glass). I have bought 2 gal of vinegar, but its only 7% acid. My tap water is around ph 7.9 (with KH about 150 ppm). A weak acid + water solution may not do the job. So i am contemplating the addition of muriatic acid (15% Hcl at home depot) to the 45 gal of water and let everything soak and take away the calcium deposits.

I want to keep a weak acid solution of 45 gallons, so that the calcium and organic waste will dissolve into the water in about a day or two of soaking. I can keep testing the ph drop in the 45 gal tank, as i slowly add the water. The only thing i am not sure about is ......"what would be the optimal ph i should attain by adding muriatic acid, so that the 45 gallon water will be able to disslove away all the calcium deposit and organic waste thats sticking to the inside of the filter parts". I understand the answer would partially depend on the amount of deposit and wastes i have. The deposits are now minimal, and mostly i am doing this to reach the hard to reach parts of the filters (couple of fluvals and couple of biowheels and a acrylic 20gal). I dont need this 45 tank now, and can let it sit in my backyard.

I am also wondering if leaving a water + Hcl solution (say at ph6) for a couple days would etch the glass. I have read elsewhere that pure muriatic acid (at 30% concentration or more) is used to etch glass. But i have access to only a 15% muriatic acid, and that too i will be diluting by adding it to the 45 gal of water.
comments welcome (other than the usual warnings about using muriatic acid - i have read plenty on the net, and decided to use it - it is stronger than vinegar and the price is much better than vinegar at $8 for 2 gals here in SF bay).
 
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The strongest you would want to even consider soaking your equipment in is 10% HCl. Prolonged exposure to even that concentration can weaken plastic and make it brittle.

I've seen general recommendations for hardware store retail strength HCl to be diluted 1 cup of HCl into 5 gallons of water.

I know you've heard the warnings, but please be very careful when doing this. Even 15% HCl is dangerous if mishandled. The fumes alone can be overpowering and harmful. I'm not one to discourage you from doing this, as I use HCl to clean limestone deposits off of mineral specimens.

Edit:
I almost forgot... Please be sure to dispose of the acid solution properly. Baking soda is good for nuetralizing it.
 
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fsn - thanks for the reply. The home depot stuff is at 15% strength. Of course, when i add this to 45 gal of water, this is going to get diluted immensely. The 1 cup to 5 gal measure of dilution is for household cleaning i think ? What is the use of this measure you are talking about. When you clean minerals, what is strength of stock solution and how much do you dilute it ? Thanks for the reply.
 
1 cup to 5 gallons is plenty. I use a bit more than that. Because it is a strong acid, it will react quickly--very weak solutions will still react much more than vinegar. You may be surprised to find that it wont even take that long to clean off the deposits, too. When cleaning pumps, I use a 1:20 ratio of 15% HCl:water. It cleans them within an hour or so. Just experiment. You could actually use the whole gallon and be fine--just be sure that when you go to dispose of it, turn the hose on and dilute it as much as possible as it goes down. It will take a lot of baking soda to neutralize it, unfortunately. Always wear gloves and safety glasses when handling strong acids.
 
I have used muriatic to clean stuff with great results. The time involved for soaking is minimal- 30 mins or less. I suggest you wear rubber gloves and even a mild solution can sting.

Most of the deposits will disolved during the soaking, What doesn't should be soft enough to scrape off. If there are a couple of stubborn spot you can make a slightly stronger solution in a glass contained an use a Qtip to dab it onto the spots and they should come off fast with a scraper.

Be sure to rinse out the tank well as it takes only a tiny amount of acid this strong to crash pH.
 
I bought a used 46g bowfront that so much lime build-up on the inside that you couldn't see into it (dry). I filled it with tap water (pH 8), added a gallon of vinegar, and let it set overnight. The next afternoon I went at it with a plastic scrubby and with a little elbow grease it cleaned up right nice.
 
fsn - thanks for the reply. The home depot stuff is at 15% strength. Of course, when i add this to 45 gal of water, this is going to get diluted immensely. The 1 cup to 5 gal measure of dilution is for household cleaning i think ? What is the use of this measure you are talking about. When you clean minerals, what is strength of stock solution and how much do you dilute it ? Thanks for the reply.

The 1 cup HCl to 5 gallons of water is generally what I see on other forums when people ask about using HCl to clean aquarium products.

When I use it to clean minerals, the bottle I have is 20% and I dilute it down between 2 - 5% depending on how impatient I am.

Yes, it does take quite a bit of baking soda to nuetralize it, but the large boxes of it are pretty cheap. If you're planning to fill the 45 gallon tank with 40+ gallons of acid solution, that is a lot to be pouring down the drain or dumping somewhere without doing more than diluting it with water.
 
At those concentrations, neutralization is just unnecessary. Anything under 10% can be safely diluted. Besides, the OP was talking about much lower [HCl], so there should be no issues with that.
 
Oh gosh - i would never use 45 gallons of muriatic acid and soak things in it :-) I was only contemplating adding 1 gallon of either vinegar (6%) or muriatic (15%) to be added to the 45 gallons of water i would have in the tank and letting it sit for a day. Now that i have some idea, i will experiment with vinegar first and report here back in a week about how it goes. If that does not work then i would switch to Hcl. At these high dilution levels, i dont suppose i would need to use baking soda to neutralize anything before i throw out the water. I plan to simply dump the water out to by apple /orange trees and refill the tank/filters with water again to sit for a few days with some dechlorinator added.

Meanwhile, can you guys give me an idea on how best to remove organic waste that has built up inside the canister filter connecting tubes. I am contemplating soaking my canisters and other filters into this diluted 45 gal tank that contains a bit of acid, to bring down the ph to about 6.0 or so. By the way, just for info this trivia that i found..... Muriatic acid has a ph that varies by its concentration, but all of them have ph below zero. That is strongly acidic and corrosive.
 
No, if you use HCl, neutralization will be entirely unnecessary with such low concentrations (~.3% when all is said and done). Simply diluting it as you dispose of it is more than enough. It is only when you are dealing with large, concentrated quantities should you neutralize it first. Even small concentrated quantities are just diluted, though. If you feel the need to neutralize, sodium hydroxide is a better choice, since you won't need such large amounts.
 
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