You have a good grasp of power filters but you missed the most important aspect, maintaining prime.
Physics dictates that water flows from higher water level to lower water level through a siphon until equilibrium is reached. If the power goes out, the water inside the filter box (higher level) will siphon back into the aquarium (lower level). Without any water in the filter box there is no way the impeller can suck the air out of the intake tube and create a prime. It will just spin in the air until it overheats. That is the reason why you need to fill the back of the filter box with water before plugging it in. The Whisper may be able to draw the air out of the filter tube (priming) at a lower water level but you have to be there to manually fill it up and prime it each time.
Also keep in mind that the lower the water level the more head pressure the pump has to fight against. This cuts the flow rate down dramatically on low torque HOB pumps.
Andy
You said in your post:
That hasn't been my experience and would seem to defy the laws of physics.
I'm saying it does work. I'm saying it DOESN'T defy the laws of physics. (At least not the laws of physics that I studied. Maybe they changed in the last 30 years) I'm saying it has worked for me. What I am not saying its you don't have to prime it again if power goes out. I've had power go out. I've never had the filter overheat though.
Not all of the HOBs have an impeller that will pull from a lower water level. I know however that the original SN filter will.
Also keep in mind that although the flow rate is cut so is the amount of water in the tank itself.
Another point, you could put a small hole in the tube just above the impeller. This will break siphon when the level reaches it. If small enough the impeller may be strong enough to start flow again. If not then there still would be water in the "sump" to help avoid overheating.
You could also put this on a UPS then the problem is no problem. Well at least until the battery died.
Here in Florida with Tampa being the lightning capital of the world (so it is said anyway) and short duration power outages being the norm rather than the exception during our rainy season I never really had a problem with the filter on my turtle tank. That turtle died a year or two ago so that tank is now an actual aquarium. With the same filter. (Yeah, I cleaned it first)
As an aside, they use to make a one way valve for the tube that during a power failure the water wouldn't siphon out. It acted like a foot valve in a well pipe. Doubt it's still made since they have internal filters now but it negated the loss of prime problem. I may even still have a couple in a box somewhere.
Yeah, I do have a fairly good grasp on HOBs. at least I hope I do after 32 years of tanks.
I even still have my original Supreme Aquamaster, Aquakings and Dynaflows. And they all still work.