Yeah, I would say its a bacterial bloom also. If its an option I'd take the fish back. With them out of the tank start water changes. Daily best, but every other day should be fine. Also if you don't have one, get a water heater and a thermometer. Cheap ones should be fine. After a week you can add some fish back in. Some people argue, but I find peppered corys hardy enough to start a tank with if you don't want to do fishless cycling. 3 fish with some shelter (fake plants) should be fine. I think more and they'd be too crowded to forage and any less and they won't feel comfortable. Take care not to overfeed. One good quality algae wafer a day should keep them happy. One thing I will say is that goldfish are very messy. Because of that in a 10g tank they'd quickly leave behind much too much waste and you'd have to clean it more often than if you had other fish. I think neon tetras would be a good fish and they are fairly inexpensive. Get about 6 to 8 and they should be fine. Another alternative would be a pair of ram cichlids from a reputable fish store along with a small rock structure or 2 to go along with the plants.
Hmmn, should have said earlier. A temperature of about 75f would be good.