I just got one and am setting it up now. In the directions it says "Replace expendable media such as carbon, zerolite, and filter resins. Rinse or replace floss pads and coarse sponge. Note that coarse sponge may contain valuable colonies of helpful bacteria that you may wish to maintain. Gently rinse and squeeze the coarse sponge in some aquarium water that you took from the aquarium. This will reduce clogging, but not kill off the entire bacterial colony. Tap water, with chlorine, should not be used on the coarse sponge since it may kill bacteria."