Brown algae problem

There was a lot of questions and I will try to answer them all. But before I do, there are no bubbles in the substrate but there are the thread like algae attached to the overflow which apparently is cyanobacteria.

I have a euro-reef skimmer suited for a 125 gallon tank in my sump. Do water changes of 15-20 gallons every three weeks. Feed once a day in the evening alternating flakes and frozen brine shrimp (rinsed before feeding), food is given one drop of garlic extreme supplement. Corals are fed oyster eggs and cyclop-eeze twice a week. The tank itself has only been setup for 3-4 months and all of the equipment was purchased new (besides the tank) so the RO system is fine. The sand was given to me from a friend who decided to remove his refugium and give the sand inside to me to help speed up my cycle (he has no algae problems). No rock has been added since the intial setup.

I don't think the light is an issue because I have three SPS corals thriving in the tank and they are a more light demanding coral.


Ok the water change is good in size but you are letting build too long (pollutants) before you drop them…for example
Week 1 nitrate 10ppm
Week 2 nitrate 20ppm
Week 3 nitrate 30ppm water change and back down to 5ppm

Water changes don’t really reduce nitrates completely …the water chemistry book I have explains even with good maintenance it still gradually builds so doing these water changes you need to once in a while do a very large water change.

Still change that water change schedule to 10% change a week. That will keep nitrates and phosphates down all the time..you are letting them build up with the schedule you provided. Mature tanks you can get away with it(some tanks). But your tank is not mature yet..its only 4 months old and it can take up to a year to fully mature.

The sand: It came from a fuge…Fuges are low flow for a good reason to allow detritus to settle in them and break down and feed the macro algae…the sand itself is saturated with detritus. So if the majority of your sand is from his fuge…that is not good sand for the display. Its ok to use a cup full added to like 30lbs of new sand to seed it. But as a sand base entirely …that is a source of pollution that feeds algae or cyano. My advise: remove most of it and add new Carib sea aragonite sand. Keep some of the old sand to seed the new. A cup full is all.

New tanks don’t need dosing. I recommend stop with the dosing. And dose only after you test for that specific dosing. I dont know about the garlic Ill read more before commenting on that specifically. But you dont need it at this time. Future dosing like alk,calc,mag, ..test before you add anything. you dont want to add what you already have at good levels. Just hold off on the garlic for now.

Feeding: It’s a bit on the heavy side without the proper maintenance. When you feed the food should be gone in 5 min or less. You see debris floating around 5 min later ..You over fed. Its ok to feed often if you feed very little. *if i didn't misread the post you feed twice a day????"

I recommend this feeding schedule: Feed flakes (Pinch of it) daily…randomly add the frozen foods through the week but don’t add flake. Either or .. not both. Remember that 5 min rule on the foods.

As for coral feeding 2 times a week of one of the things you use… Cyclopleeze I don’t use. I use the oyster eggs myself or Rotifers. You can even target feed to lower pollution but ensuring they get ample food. You may want to target feed for now till things clear up.

Root of your problems: I believe it’s the feeding schedule combined with the water change schedule. And being a young tank doesn’t help any either.


PS your friend didn’t have algae problems probably because he maintained a good schedule. Good feeding habbits. And he had a skimmer plus fuge. These two things keep nitrates down and phosphates down *Fuge does that*. So he could feed more than a tank without a fuge.

Your set up is young and lacks the natural nutrients export system (fuge). So you have to feed lighter.

Up those water changes to weekly and add a phosban reactor …it’s a cheap add on that pays for itself 10fold.

SPS coral: You say thriving? Don’t mistaken extending polyps as thriving. It can also mean starving and really reaching out trying to feed more. The 162 watts over a 72 gallon is very low …actinics promote some growth but sps really depend on the lower K spectrum for growth.

Trust me on the lighting…if you want a reef in there change those actinics for 10ks and no higher than 14ks if you want blues in the tank. I find actinics useless for sps tanks.Not completely but when it comes to growth and health..useless.

SPS are the most sensitive to water parameters. Your tank is not in good condition…its something I would be worried about with the sps.

CORRECTION: Your feeding once day ok thats good..just remember 5 min rule.

Root problem water change once every 3 weeks...I believe its that.
 
Last edited:
The drastic change in lighting -- 6 brand new T5 HO bulbs replacing what was probably a less desirable lighting set-up with fewer bulbs and ones that were greater than 6 months old -- could certainly be the reason why some of the corals are dieing back. It is highly recommended that any change in lighting be done gradually to avoid shocking corals with the new lighting (shortening the photoperiod and slowly increasing it back to a full photoperiod). This is the same reason why it is recommended to only replace a small number of bulbs over a tank at any given time. Some corals can handle a significant change in lighting better than others.

I would suspect that the sudden increase in light intensity was enough to jump start the algae, and it's continuing with the nutrient levels in the tank.

Regardless, anything that is dieing back or that has died is providing more fuel for the algae as it decays. However, I wouldn't remove those corals from a tank the size of yours. Torch corals can regrow from next to nothing, and I've seen Xenia do the same.
 
The drastic change in lighting -- 6 brand new T5 HO bulbs replacing what was probably a less desirable lighting set-up with fewer bulbs and ones that were greater than 6 months old -- could certainly be the reason why some of the corals are dieing back. It is highly recommended that any change in lighting be done gradually to avoid shocking corals with the new lighting (shortening the photoperiod and slowly increasing it back to a full photoperiod). This is the same reason why it is recommended to only replace a small number of bulbs over a tank at any given time. Some corals can handle a significant change in lighting better than others.

I would suspect that the sudden increase in light intensity was enough to jump start the algae, and it's continuing with the nutrient levels in the tank.

Regardless, anything that is dieing back or that has died is providing more fuel for the algae as it decays. However, I wouldn't remove those corals from a tank the size of yours. Torch corals can regrow from next to nothing, and I've seen Xenia do the same.

So this is a compound problem. I was glancing at the thread..(wish I didn't) but now that I can read a bit more slowly and focus.

I still believe that changing out 10-20g every 3 weeks is not helping. Combined with the dramatic lighting changes you describe FSN.

So corals responding to lighting change explains the corals reaction.

Algae I believe is because of the 3 weeks of not changing the water allowing things to build up. Just a vicious circle ... build up ..do a large change..let it build up...

Weekly water change suggested is to push down that build up.

So can we conclude that its a combo effect here?

Still even with changes in lighting FSN Torches shouldn't have responded this way at all. Maybe on initial lighting it may pull back some but eventually acclimate to the lighting. I have taken several corals from a not so great local fish store to save them. they went from very poor lighting to under 500w of MH. Heck I had one go from bleached to fully green again in less than 48 hours. (and I acclimated poorly ..very poorly you would shoot me if i told you)

But the combo of poor water change schedule and lighting change was a one two punch on those corals. It might explain it. but im still not sure.

Just for future reference always ask what kind of lighting your corals you purchae are under so you know how to acclimate them. If the store has lesser lighting and yours is way better... you should start corals on the bottom of a tank after several days move them up. To prevent this shock they might get from low to intense lighting changes.

scary pictures...I knee jerked in reaction cause it reminded me of the "HORROR" :eek3: I went through in my first time in the hobby.
 
What are the readings out of the RO unit? Have you verified TDS and low range phosphate?

I suspect underlying issues, however. An increase in lighting should have minimal effects (in terms of algal growth) in a tank that already has truly low nutrient levels. The new bulbs would, however, explain why corals are doing poorly. You also didn't mention what alkalinity and calcium concentrations were--you already have corals, so this is very important. The specific gravity is also lower than preferred. What are you using to measure it?
 
Last edited:
The corals are not suffering from light shock. They were not in the tank before the new light.

Today when i got home the tank was completely covered in my new brown nemesis. I cleaned off the glass, readjusted my powerheads to maximize the circular water flow, and blew off the sand and rocks covered in this stuff. I then added a new weak powerhead for a minor increase in flow.

I then focused my attention to my sump. I forgot that there was a pad in my sump that supposedly cuts down the microbubbles. I cant believe I forgot about this. It has been in there for months without being changed. It has got to be a nitrate factory. The pad was removed today and replaced with a fresh pad. A water change will be performed tomorrow.

I will keep you posted.
 
Can you get a close up picture of it when its fully broken out? That sponge though needs a cleaning still wouldn't cause this much trouble...still good idea to clean it.

Seriously pick up a Phosbanreactor at the least you can strip the phosphate out and starve anything that feeds on it.

Still havn't figured out if its Diatoms,Dino's, or Redslime either...those all have to be tackled a little differently.

Diatoms would have to have a silicate source... but I don't know where that is coming from.

The red slime aka Cyano..it just needs phosphate and nitrate...especially phosphate... I dont want to suggest red slime clean up treatments unless I know for sure its the problem.

Chuck's Addiction <----Link Info links...then to Hitchhikers...then to algae.

can you tell me from this link if its red slime? You seem to have described it...and its often mistaken as diatoms.
 
Sorry these are the best pictures I could take with my camera. I am not sure if it is diatoms or cyanobacteria but it is slimy in texture so I believe it is cyanobacteria. However it does seem to improve with the absence of light so it might be diatoms.

I also have an issue with green microalgae. What kind of snails eat this?

100_3288.JPG 100_3291.JPG 100_3294.JPG 100_3295.JPG
 
sell off your stock... empty the tank... and buy freshwater fish--- then you wont have problems with saltwater algae anymore lol

that is what I did...
 
Clean Up crew I suggest is (my spelling is off by the way)
Nessarious snails for the sand
Astrea Snails, Turbo Snails, Blue or red leg hermits

Get a few to start let them help you work that issue. It actually looks better than the last picture.

The blackouts will affect cyano its a hyrbrid Bacteria/Algae it does feed on lighting. And is always present in every ones tank. The difference is that they dont get out of hand unless you have the perfect environment for them to over multiply like that.

Do consider that Phosban reactor. I used to be iffy on it and finally broke down and bought one long time ago.. I swear to you that thing is such a big help in controlling problems that thrive on Phosphate.

if you dont have a clean up crew get one..start slow ...dont want them to starve if you have too many snails you know. Though they don't touch Cyano... they will keep all other algae and left over food eaten. Cyano and Hair algae are not loved by the snails I listed they just don't like the stuff.

If anyone else here has a Phosban reactor , I think they would agree they wouldn't go without one since using one.

PS> Just by pictures alone and not considering all we talked about...I am thinking your sand was saturated with nutrients and its finally leaching and being eaten up.... This whole time I could be wrong ...I can't tell if it's cyano cause there is not enough detail and growth in those pics to properly ID it.
 
Here is an update. I did a three day black out hoping this would help the problem.
After the big unveiling, all of the brown algae was gone. As to not shock the system, I slowly acclimated the light (nightlights only first, then Actinics only, to 4 hours full light, and now full 8 hours of light). I have changed my water change schedule and have had success for the last two and a half weeks.

The corals are doing great, the torch corals, frogspawn, and candy have ballooned back to their normal size and are about to split. The SPS corals are still doing great, except for the Monti. While I had the brown Algae issue, the Monti seemed to be doing great. The polyps were extended and it looked really good. However now that the brown algae is gone, the polyps seemed to have retracted and hardly ever extend. The water parameters are good. No measurable amounts of ammonia, nitrites, or nitrates; still at .5 phosphates; and Calcium and Alk are where they are supposed to be. Any thoughts on why the Monti has not yet come around?
 
AquariaCentral.com