clams

Assuming you're looking at the decorative clams, squamosa, maxima, etc. Depends on the species. Most need a minimum of about 5 wpg, and up from there. Clams get almost all of their food from the zooxanthellae, meaning they do much better the more light is available to feed them. I do know of a few folks who have sustained clam on minimal lighting by placing the clam very close to the surface--but, IMO, this means you can't really see the clam from a good angle--you miss seeing the mantle!
 
Stephen,
As far as size is concerned, you would have to have a pretty small one in a 20 long tank. It is going to be a bit difficult to provide the clam with the nutrients that it needs in a small environment. Not to say that it cant be done, its just that you will have your work cut out for you. A good way to feed these guys is by cultering or getting frozen phytoplankton as they feed on this in referance to OG's post on zooxanthellae which is present in many forms o phytoplankton.

The good news is that you are using a 20L instead of a reg 20 as the 20L is shorter bringing the light a little closser to the bottom. You will need to create near perfect water conditions to keep one alive for any length of time. Have good water flow. Bristle worms and nitrates are a problem with most clams so be aware of that. Your lighting, well, you will be at the bare minimum. This tank should really be set up for a minimum of 6 months of stable readings.

What is the rest of the set up?
 
the LS came from my estabilished 90 as did the LR. Filter is a HOB refugium. Currently have 2 leaffish, 2 stalks of xenia, i kenya tree, 2 peices of green star polyps, and a branching hammer. About 15-20 lbs of LR. Lights on from 6am to 1030 pm. about 30 snails.
 
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