Filter cleaning - when? how often?

Gomisan

Man in a hat
I have an Aquaone AR-380 tank. The filter consists of a wad of padding over a bunch of ceramic nodules which water flows over before returning to the tank.

Obviously this is home to all the good bacteria and so forth, so I don't want to cause a mini-cycle by cleaning it. But conversly I am concerned that it may require cleaning from time to time.

How should this be cleaned? and how often?

I think there is charcoal in there too, and I was told that although it's not really needed, it should be changed every 3 months. Is that about right?
 
The carbon and the foam/filtration material should be replaced, but the ceramic noodle-things shouldn't be replaced, just rinse them off a bit each time you replace the other filter media.
 
I do it at the end of every month for my Fluval canister filter, but I've heard of people changing it every week (which can get expensive) and people changing it every 3 months. I do it once a month, which is what I usually do for all my filters.
 
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