Goldfish at glass, constant.

Yes, you can change it without the vac. Is it possible for you to take the fish back where you got them? They really aren't suitable for that tank. Are you planning on upgrading to a 30 gallon or more?
 
its ok to change the water without a vac for now
 
I suppose you could change a little with some container that's never seen soap. Maybe a freezer bag to remove and dump?

You will need to get set up for them. Once it becomes routine, it isn't time consuming. We have multiple tanks at this point, and water changes still aren't that big of a deal.

Take your test kit to where you bought it and ask them to go over the instructions with you. Testing and water changes will be needed. Eventually, they will outgrow that tank, as Teddy Ray said above. For now, you have to really take care of the water.
 
Is your testing kit the liquid kind or the strips? From my experience the strips are pretty much useless. If you have the liquid testing kit it's pretty easy to understand. The water in the tube will turn a certain color and you can compare it to the examples they give you to look at. Good luck with your goldies!
 
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