I would go with filtered for sure. Main reason, that it's much easier to care for. If you leave the tank for 2 weeks, nothing bad happens, the water will still be OK, the fish will still be healthy.
It's true that betta don't like strong current, but because the tank is not crowded you can use a smaller filter, or turn down the current, or just use an air powered sponge filter.
Substrate - I prefer fine gravel, easier to vacuum and doesn't need to be stirred up. But nothing wrong with sand or bare bottom either. Personal choice really.
Ian