Originally posted by Marcus
I would have to disagree with JSchmidt about cardinals being hardier. Although both look very similar there are some big differences.
Most Cardinals that are available are wild caught. This in and of itself makes them a bit more difficult to acclimate to captivity. Captive bred specimens are available but this is the exception rather than the rule. Cardinals come from very soft, acidic waters (pH 5.0-6.0) such as the Rio Negro. These conditions need to be duplicated for best success. In harder, alkaline waters they tend to languish and never do their best. The waters in this area are also very warm. Cardinals need to be kept at minimum of 84ºF and up to 90ºF for best results.
Neons on the other hand are bred by the millions in the Far East and wild caught specimens are almost unheard of anymore. This alone makes them a bit more adaptable and hardier. They come from waters that are moderately soft and with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.5-7.0). Condidtions which are much more simple to duplicate. They also do better at cooler temperatures, 72ºF-78ºF.
Due to their color and size most people consider Cardinals to be a more desirable fish but some thought needs to be put into their care. Certainly not a fish to just throw into a tank to fill extra space. In many cases the Cardinals will be the most delicate fish in the tank.