There are only two recognized species in the wild right now, they may be creating more species in the near future however. As of right now the two species are,
Symphysodon aequifasciatus and
Symphysodon discus. The aequifasciatus species is where the browns,blues, and greens fall into, now they do cross, but they tend to only produce those same color strains with the crosses. Discus genetics are a little bit different than other fish. For example, if I took one domestic strain, the snakeskin, and bred a male and female snakeskin together, I would not end up with 100% snakeskin young. 10-20% of the fry may carry the snakeskin genetics (12+ stress bars, generally 14 is considered a true snake) but that remaining 80-90% of the fry will be what we call 9 bar throw backs, so what you end up with in those remaining fish would be either a red or blue turqoise strain. There are color crosses like that in the wild, so you can end up with other color strains, but the ones that we have listed are considered to be the base color strains. Every discus of the aquifasciatus specie can be classified as either a brown,blue,or green because they will trace their origin back to those fish. Another example for you, San Merahs, Alenquer super reds, and the turqoises all are considered browns. Any fish you see with very fine red spotting on it, that is not of a pigeonblood genetic line, will have come from wild greens with red spotting that occur in natural green populations.
Heckles do have some wild variants. A regular heckle, bluefaced heckles, and pineapple heckles are the most common ones. You won't see captive bred heckle variants like you do with the aquifasciatus species because they are extremely difficult to breed in captivity. There have only been a few successful spawns of true heckles that I am aware of in captivity. Heckles will and do cross with aquifasciatus, male heckles in captivity will pair with female aquifasciatus, but female heckles will rarely lay eggs with either species. Here is a link to one of the wild crosses that occurs, this picture is from Alberto at aquatechnics, he recently was able to get a sucessful spawn out of a pair of F0 heckles, and is one of the premiere wild discus importers in the country.
http://www.aquatechnics.net/images/wb14.jpg
That is a result of a heckle and blue strain discus cross under wild and natural conditions.
Sorry for that getting kind of wordy, but its not exactly the most simple subject.
Hope it helpled a little bit anyway,
Brian