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OK, now i'm even more confused... sigh. The halide/T5/PC combos are the same price as the all LED fixtures. I've read that a 20k bulb is basically useless for coral growth. I don't know whether to look at 250W halides (I don't know if I can handle the elec cost) or a Nova Extreme Pro 6 bulb...

OK, so a budget of less than $400. Max width about 24". Corals as stated above (with an increasing interest in SPS). What do you get? 4 bulb T5? Halide with T5 actinics?

Amph, The problem with the plastic cover is that it is black. There is an 18" x 8" window that is the opening for the lights. Anything I use for light has to put the majority of the light through that or I'm wasting money. A halide would probably have to be higher up and most of the light...

There are two issues that I have with metal halide. 1) heat - I live in Austin and this summer (when electricity was almost .15 cents a kW-hr) the temp was above 100 for 45 straight days 2) I have a plastic cover on the tank and I really like it because my kid and my cats will try to get in...

Yeah, this is one of the cheaper ones and apparently, the light doesn't spread well. It's 8inches x 8 inches, and I might have very dark corners (according to some reports). The Kr-91 in 18inch seems more like what I need. I just have to really justify the cost for that thing...

I've been reading about the TMC Aquabeam 1000 Ultra and it seems pretty impressive and would fit in my tank pretty well. Reviews seem positive. I'm going to do more research, but I think I like that one.

Sorry, I cut and pasted from Word and I have the dark background. Oops. That seems to be the major problem... LEDs are just too new to have reviews or hard data.

Nitrates, Nitrites and Ammonia are often discussed in the context of maintaining a tank or cycling a tank to prepare for inhabitants. But what are these things and why are they important? This article will discuss nitrogen and various nitrogen compounds, the chemistry behind nitrogen, and some...

Hi guys, I need some assistance (as usual). My Uncle Sam is giving me a little money and I’d like to upgrade lights on my tank. The tank is a 45 gallon pentagonal tank. The cover has a clear part for the lights of about 18 inches. The tank is (roughly) 24 inches deep. (It’s really a 24”...

pH and Aquariums – Why water changes are necessary… The OP has requested scientific evidence for the process of water changes. My first article in this series covered the chemistry and the effects on fish of the nitrogen cycle. This article will cover pH, buffer chemistry, and the effects...

OK, the OP has requested the scientific evidence of the requirement for water changes. In this article I will present the information that I have found to date. It was actually fairly difficult mainly because this is such a well known requirement that all the research was done well before the...

OK, let me put this as nicely as possible. You are an idiot. You don't understand Chemistry, you apparently don't understand aquariums and you sure as hell don't understand climatology. I'm not having the global warming argument again and I'm not arguing with you about things you don't...

http://www.americanaquariumproducts.com/Aquarium_cleaning.html OK here you go. This is a commercial website, but note that references are included at the end of some of the detail pages. Read carefully... everything.

Here's just one paper on PubMed. I'm tired and want to go to bed. Unfortunately, there's not a lot of research on the actual aquariums out there, but there are a few things that we can say. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2644126/?tool=pmcentrez&report=abstract Ocean...

OK, so my two clowns had ich. I assume it was ich because I don't have a microscope and a degree in marine parasites. The two clowns have been in a ten gallon quarantine tank with a small heater and a maxi-jet 900 ph with a sponge filter. The sponge filter and the maxi-jet have been in my...

Is it automatically ich? We're talking 1-2 very small white dots on 1 fish. They weren't there yesterday. These are the first fish in my tank since I lost two clowns in August.

Will SPS corals (like birdsnest) ever grow downward and cover the point where they were attached to the rock/plug?

Well, it looks like most of the fish were OK. Some of the 6-lines didn't make it. She's going to hold everything until the weekend to make sure they are all healthy.

Well, I found a local woman who has started her own business. We've been friends for a bit and members of the Austin Reef Club. Many other have ordered from her over the last 6 months. She makes an order once a week (maybe every other week) and then we can pick up our fish when she picks...

It's a crummy picture. The clam is only about a centimeter wide and it's in a little valley in the rock. It's the white thing in this pic.