i think in your case and to reduce shock on the fish, it would be best to do 10-15% changes every day for about a week, and then the next week do two 25-30% changes, then finally continue on a weekly basis with approx. 50% changes dependent upon your nitrate levels after weekly testing. once the water quality is improved from what you have now, you'll want to maintain nitrate levels at no more than 20ppm, and always change water as necessary if ammonia and/or nitrite are present.
I concur, though i'd say less then 50ppm nitrates personally. Under 20ppm is ideal, but may not even be possible in this tanks situation.
A single large change in TDS (Total Dissolved Solids, a measure of how much solid stuff is dissolved in the water) can cause issues for the fish. In some cases large enough issues to be fatal.
It's good to start with small changes until the water is close enough to the tap water to not cause issues.