what are pros/cons of undergravel filters?

Commercial UG plates, powerfilters aka HOBs, and canisters are all about the same age, a paticularly rich era in the late 50s and 60s when submersible/waterproof pump were maturing. Prior to that it was box fiters or HOBs which were air-driven. Non-submersible magnetically-linked drives were developing at the same time.

Along with the myth of UGs being outdated, the myth of UGs not serving as mechanical filters is one of the most wrong-headed in the hobby. The whole design flaw of conventional flow UG is that the filter served entirely too well as the best available mechanical filter. UG filtered tanks almost always were clearer that HOB or canister filtered tanks. But then folks did not bother to vacuum them well or routinely so they became loaded with mulm - not a good thing. Some folks even argued that vacuuming was harmful to the biofilter! Any unmaintained filter is a time bomb. All formats will eventually clog and go foul if the proper upkeep is not done.

Submersible pumps on which the flow can be reversed are among the least efficient units on the market when in reverse mode. I like AquaClear pumps in conventional mode, but in reverse the flow is pathetic. Test for yourself if you own one. The only pumps I will use for RFUG are Penguins with their reverse flow kits, which allow the pump to still operate in normal direction when coupled to the UG and provides a matching prefilter.

But I am quite confident that the endless discussions of undergravel filters will outlive me, and most of the arguments will be based on either hearsay from folks who do not grasp the need for vacumming any unplanted tank routinely, or by folks who have operated a conventional UG improperly. They are not for everyone or every tank setup, but then no filter format is. We currently have an embarrassment of riches with filter formats. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. Those who will not or do not wish to think beyond HOB will survive, and so will their tanks and fish. But there are multiple alternatives - I use quite a few different formats myself, normally trying to match the filter type to the needs of the particular setup. I do believe that it makes my tanks better and in the long run easier to maintain. When any hobbyist moves past a single community tank, they might well benefit from exploring some of the other formats.
 
I think this thread is a great example of the huge range of experiences we as aquarists have using the same systems. The UGF debate has been hashed out on this and other forums for years - and each time, like this one, great tips on how to tweak and maintain filtration systems are shared. When I was younger, almost all of my tanks had ugfs. As I got into more and larger digging cichlids, they were no longer practical. However, in my smaller community type or biotope tanks, they performed perfectly. In fact, as I write this in my office, I am looking at a 5 gallon betta set up with a ugf, and it looks like the fish are floating in air. I have even used a rugf for a discus set up, and it was excellent. I think that the range of experiences vary so much due to all the variables that can take place in a closed system in a glass box full of water. Many of these variables that cause a set up to succeed or fail are not neccessarily measurable and we will never even know. Yet they affect our experiences and our opinions. Using combinations of filtration systems will often be our best bet to keep our fish happy, as well as a lot of water changes! After 35 years in this hobby, the most important thing I have learned is that there is so much more to be learned. Thank you all for adding to my education!
 
YoFishboy,

Well said.

Something I'd like to add to your comments. And I know from Past experience that some pretty knowledgeable folks agree.

Stop thinking inside the manufacturers boxes. There are easy inexpensive ways to make almost any filter format work better, and suit your particular purposes better. The OERFUG is a perfect example, adding prefilters to cannisters is another good example. Using bulk sponge instead of pre-made cartridges in you emporer is another. the list goes on and on. Figure out what you want to do, figure out a good way to do it and try it. ask questions learn other people's tricks and apply them. I know what my primary and secondary concerns are in my tanks, RTR knows what his are and so on. I love HOB's, RTR doesn't. I avoid cannisters (or have so far) because I found other things I liked long before I could ever afford a cannister. Most of the tanks I have owned cost less total than a new Ehiem Cannister. I am now in a different position financially and just can't wait to set up my next tank with a cannister as one of the filters. Set your criteria, learn what your options are, and see what works for you. It's almost as much fun as watching your fish.
Dave

BTW if one of your criteria is to never have to customize your filters then by all means feel free to think inside the box.
 
Yuck!

I had my UGF running for about 3 weeks (now that I really think about, I don't know why I thought it was a good idea to add one... :thud: ) I started to get really annoyed with it and decided it was no good (the current the bubbles made really upset my poor little platy) so I decided to remove it and get things back to what my fishy consider normal. When I removed the plates I was absolutely SHOCKED :eek: to see how much ewwy, gooey, yucky gunk had accumulated under there in just a matter of weeks, even when I gravel-vac once a week! I'M NEVER USING UG FILTERS AGAIN!!! :mad:
 
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