Many fish are sensitive to iodine, so yes, Iodized/non-iodized is important.
Also, I will disagree about only adding the salt once, and never again. If you're going to use salt in your tank, you'll have to add it back periodically. Water changes (not adding water, which is just topping off the tank, but actually taking water out and replacing it) dilute out the salt over time. Every few months it is a good idea to add more, if you want to keep salt in your tank. I don't think it's anything more than personal preference to do so, however. Salt is a good partner with medications, but I've not seen a difference in the livelihood of my fish with salt versus without. There are trace amounts of electrolytes (usually salt) in tap water to begin with, unless you use distilled water (and who could afford to...besides, it's not good for your fish unless it's the ONLY alternative to non-potable water).
As far as heaters go, if you have a goldie-only tank, take the heater out. You're just wasting watts. They don't require heat (unless your house just gets SUPER cold at night or something). Room temperature suits them beautifully, although they will do okay in warmer environments.
Oh, carbon is a personal choice as well. I use it to clear meds, when I first start a tank (to clear any chems from the water).... Activated carbon is only active for a day or two, but after that it serves as a good bacterial farm, so leaving it in is not a bad idea (unless you're treating your fish for something, carbon will still pull some chemicals even if it's not still fizzy and active...)
Lots of good questions!
Hope this helps!
PS: the warmer water will make your fish grow faster, so you'll have to get a bigger tank soon if you keep the heater going. They'll outgrow it in less than a year as it stands, if all goes well...