Peppering and Discus
Hi Zigman. This is Jen. Eric posted last night about the background, but I thought I'd write back about the peppering. As he said, we have ruined a few very nice fish with a dark background, and have learned the hard way what to watch for.
Peppering (or small black spots) is found in the pigeon blood strain. Pigeon Bloods are set apart from other discus by the lack of black bars. When a discus is frightened, stressed, or sick, they show thick black vertical bars which helped them blend into their natural habitat. Pigeon Bloods lack these and instead have peppering. The bigger and darker the spots, the more likely they are to be permanent. The smaller greyish flecks will usually go away and are often a result of them trying to blend into the background or showing signs of stress.
Genetics plays and important role in peppering, but environment heavily influences what actually shows up. A pigeon blood discus in a bare-bottom tank, in good water conditions, and healthy may show no peppering at all. But that same discus dropped into a dark environment can and probably will start to develop peppering. However, because you started out with no peppering, it will most likely be the reversible stuff. I have found the darker the background, it is more likely that permanent peppering will form. If you ever see a pigeon in a bare-bottom tank with more than a tiny bit of grey flecks on its face, skip it. They are going to be prone to developing the larger, black, permanent spots.
Working with a light background and light substrate can be a good compromise between bare-bottom and darker tanks.
Hopefully this answers you question, but if not let me know.
Good luck, and have fun.